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Catalog Number: (PRSI91-156)

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

Description: Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier 2 (SUMO2) is an Ubiquitin-like protein that belongs to the ubiquitin family with SUMO subfamily. It is a family of small, related proteins that can be enzymatically attached to a target protein by a post-translational modification process termed sumoylation. SUMO2 can be covalently attached to proteins as a monomer or as a lysine-linked polymer. Covalent attachment via an isopeptidebond to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex SAE1-SAE2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as PIAS1-4, RANBP2 or CBX4. This post-translational modification on lysine residues of proteins plays a crucial role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Polymeric SUMO2 chains are also susceptible to polyubiquitination which functions as a signal for proteasomal degradation of modified proteins.

UOM: 1 * 50 µG

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Catalog Number: (PRSI90-415)

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

Description: CD152 [CTLA-4] and CD28, together with their ligands B7-1 and B7-2, constitute one of the dominant costimulatory pathways that regulate T and B cell responses. CD152 and CD28 are structurally homologous molecules that are members of the immunoglobulin (Ig) gene superfamily. Both CD152 and CD28 are composed of a single Ig V-like extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain and an intracellular domain. CD152 and CD28 are both expressed on the cell surface as disulfide-linked homodimers or as monomers. CD152 was originally identified as a gene that was specifically expressed by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. However, CD152 transcripts have since been found in both Th1 and Th2, and CD4 + and CD8 + T cell clones. Whereas, CD28 expression is constitutive on the surfaces of 95% of CD4 + T cells and 50% of CD8 + T cells and is down regulated upon T cell activation, CD152 expression is upregulated rapidly following T cell activation and peaks approximately 24 hours following activation. Although both CD152 and CD28 can bind to the same ligands, CD152 binds to B71 and B72 with 20-100-fold higher affinity than CD28.

UOM: 1 * 100 µG

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Catalog Number: (PRSI33-542)

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

Description: This monoclonal antibody is part of a new panel of reagents, which recognises subcellular organelles or compartments of human cells. These markers may be useful in identification of these organelles in cells, tissues, and biochemical preparations. This mAb recognises the double stranded DNA in human cells. It can be used to stain the nuclei in cell or tissue preparations and can be used as a nuclear marker in human cells. This mAb produces a homogeneous staining pattern in the nucleus of normal and malignant cells.,Double Stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (ds DNA) is the genetic material of all cells and many viruses and is a polymer of nucleotides. The monomer consists of phosphorylated 2-deoxyribose N-glycosidically linked to one of four bases, adenine, cytosine, guanine or thymine. These are linked together by 3',5'-phosphodiester bridges. In the Watson-Crick double-helix model, two complementary strands are wound in a right-handed helix and held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs.

UOM: 1 * 100 µG

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Catalog Number: (STMC100-1335)

Supplier: STEMCELL Technologies

Description: Use visfatin to catalyse the production of nicotinamide mononucleotide from nicotinamide (Revollo <i>et al.</i>). Nicotinamide mononucleotide is a precursor to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) that is vital to energy metabolism, cell death, and other cellular processes (Ying). Visfatin also acts as an immunomodulator by activating leukocytes and inducing the production of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines (Moschen <i>et al.</i>), and there is evidence that visfatin can regulate insulin receptor signaling and insulin secretion (Brown <i>et al.</i>). Belonging to the nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase (NAPRTase) family, Visfatin is an adipokine that is produced in adipocytes, leukocytes, and hepatocytes (Chiu <i>et al.</i>, Garten <i>et al.</i>, Kralisch <i>et al.</i>). It is active as a homodimer with each identical monomer consisting of two structural domains made up of 19 β-strands and 13 α-helices (Kim <i>et al.</i>). For consistency and reproducibility across your applications, visfatin from STEMCELL comes lyophilised with ≥90% purity, and is verified by LAL analysis to ensure endotoxin levels are ≤1,0 EU/μg protein.

UOM: 1 * 100 µG

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Catalog Number: (PRSI33-768)

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

Description: Recognises a 485 amino acid protein (55 kDa monomer/110 kDa homodimer), identified as platelet-derived endothelial growth factor (PD-ECGF), also called Thymidine Phosphorylase (TP, Tymp) or Gliostatin. In the presence of inorganic orthophosphate, it catalyses the reversible phospholytic cleavage of thymidine and deoxyuridine to their corresponding bases and 2-deoxyribose-1-phosphate. It is both chemotactic and mitogenic for endothelial cells and a non-heparin binding angiogenic factor present in platelets. Its enzymatic activity is crucial for angiogenic activity (metabolite is angiogenic). Higher levels of serum TP/PD-ECGF are observed in cancer patients. It is also involved in transformation of fluoropyrimidines, cytotoxic agents used in the treatment of a variety of malignancies, into active cytotoxic metabolites (e.g. 5 -deoxy-5-fluorouridine to 5-FU). High intra-cellular levels of TP/PD-ECGF are associated with increased chemosensitivity to such antimetabolites.

UOM: 1 * 100 µG

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Catalog Number: (PRSI90-412)

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

Description: CD152 and CD28, together with their ligands B7-1 and B7-2, constitute one of the dominant costimulatory pathways that regulate T and B cell responses. CD152 and CD28 are structurally homologous molecules that are members of the immunoglobulin (Ig) gene superfamily. Both CD152 and CD28 are composed of a single Ig V-like extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain and an intracellular domain. CD152 and CD28 are both expressed on the cell surface as disulfide-linked homodimers or as monomers. CD152 was originally identified as a gene that was specifically expressed by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. However, CD152 transcripts have since been found in both Th1 and Th2, and CD4+ and CD8+ T cell clones. Whereas, CD28 expression is constitutive on the surfaces of 95% of CD4+ T cells and 50% of CD8+ T cells and is down regulated upon T cell activation, CD152 expression is upregulated rapidly following T cell activation and peaks approximately 24 hours following activation. Although both CD152 and CD28 can bind to the same ligands, CD152 binds to B71 and B72 with 20-100-fold higher affinity than CD28.

UOM: 1 * 500 µG

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Catalog Number: (PRSI33-210)

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

Description: Thyroglobulin is a 660 kDa dimeric pre-protein with mutiple glycosylation sites, detected at ~300 kDa in western blot. It is produced by and processed within the thyroid gland to produce the hormone thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Prior to forming dimers, thyroglobulin monomers undergo conformational maturation in the endoplasmic reticulation. The vast majority of follicular carcinomas of the thyroid will give positive immunoreactivity for thyroglobulin antibody even though sometimes only focally. Poorly differentiated carcinomas of the thyroid are frequently thyroglobulin antibody negative. Adenocarcinomas of other-than-thyroid origin do not react with this antibody. This antibody is useful in identification of thyroid carcinoma of the papillary and follicular types. Presence of thyroglobulin in metastatic lesions establishes the thyroid origin of tumor. Thyroglobulin antibody, combined with calcitonin antibody, can identify medullary carcinomas of the thyroid. Furthermore, thyroglobulin antibody, combined with TTF1 antibody, can be a reliable marker to differentiate between primary thyroid and lung neoplasms.

UOM: 1 * 100 µG

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Catalog Number: (PRSI90-416)

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

Description: CD152 and CD28, together with their ligands B7-1 and B7-2, constitute one of the dominant costimulatory pathways that regulate T and B cell responses. CD152 and CD28 are structurally homologous molecules that are members of the immunoglobulin (Ig) gene superfamily. Both CD152 and CD28 are composed of a single Ig V-like extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain and an intracellular domain. CD152 and CD28 are both expressed on the cell surface as disulphide-linked homodimers or as monomers. CD152 was originally identified as a gene that was specifically expressed by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. However, CD152 transcripts have since been found in both Th1 and Th2, and CD4+ and CD8+ T cell clones. Whereas, CD28 expression is constitutive on the surfaces of 95% of CD4+ T cells and 50% of CD8+ T cells and is down regulated upon T cell activation, CD152 expression is upregulated rapidly following T cell activation and peaks approximately 24 hours following activation. Although both CD152 and CD28 can bind to the same ligands, CD152 binds to B71 and B72 with 20-100-fold higher affinity than CD28.

UOM: 1 * 100 µG

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Catalog Number: (PRSI26-061)

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

Description: NR1I3 mediates the induction of transcription of cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes by phenobarbital (PB) and PB-type inducers. NR1I3 activation induces hepatic expression of detoxification enzymes and transporters and increases liver size. NR1I3 can also regulate both liver homeostasis and tumorigenesis in response to xenobiotic stresses. This gene encodes a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, and is a key regulator of xenobiotic and endobiotic metabolism. The protein binds to DNA as a monomer or a heterodimer with the retinoid X receptor and regulates the transcription of target genes involved in drug metabolism and bilirubin clearance, such as cytochrome P450 family members. Unlike most nuclear receptors, this transcriptional regulator is constitutively active in the absence of ligand but is regulated by both agonists and inverse agonists. Ligand binding results in translocation of this protein to the nucleus, where it activates or represses target gene transcription. These ligands include bilirubin, a variety of foreign compounds, steroid hormones, and prescription drugs. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

UOM: 1 * 50 µG

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Catalog Number: (PRSI33-744)

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

Description: Recognises a 485 amino acid protein (55 kDa monomer/110 kDa homodimer), identified as platelet-derived endothelial growth factor (PD-ECGF), also called Thymidine Phosphorylase (TP, Tymp) or Gliostatin. In the presence of inorganic orthophosphate, it catalyses the reversible phospholytic cleavage of thymidine and deoxyuridine to their corresponding bases and 2-deoxyribose-1-phosphate. It is both chemotactic and mitogenic for endothelial cells and a non-heparin binding angiogenic factor present in platelets. Its enzymatic activity is crucial for angiogenic activity (metabolite is angiogenic). Higher levels of serum TP/PD-ECGF are observed in cancer patients. It is also involved in transformation of fluoropyrimidines, cytotoxic agents used in the treatment of a variety of malignancies, into active cytotoxic metabolites (e.g. 5 -deoxy-5-fluorouridine to 5-FU). High intra-cellular levels of TP/PD-ECGF are associated with increased chemosensitivity to such antimetabolites.

UOM: 1 * 100 µG

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Catalog Number: (PRSI90-411)

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

Description: CD152 and CD28, together with their ligands B7-1 and B7-2, constitute one of the dominant costimulatory pathways that regulate T and B cell responses. CD152 and CD28 are structurally homologous molecules that are members of the immunoglobulin (Ig) gene superfamily. Both CD152 and CD28 are composed of a single Ig V-like extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain and an intracellular domain. CD152 and CD28 are both expressed on the cell surface as disulfide-linked homodimers or as monomers. CD152 was originally identified as a gene that was specifically expressed by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. However, CD152 transcripts have since been found in both Th1 and Th2, and CD4+ and CD8+ T cell clones. Whereas, CD28 expression is constitutive on the surfaces of 95% of CD4+ T cells and 50% of CD8+ T cells and is down regulated upon T cell activation, CD152 expression is upregulated rapidly following T cell activation and peaks approximately 24 hours following activation. Although both CD152 and CD28 can bind to the same ligands, CD152 binds to B71 and B72 with 20-100-fold higher affinity than CD28.

UOM: 1 * 100 µG

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Catalog Number: (PRSI90-419)

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

Description: CD152 and CD28, together with their ligands B7-1 and B7-2, constitute one of the dominant costimulatory pathways that regulate T and B cell responses. CD152 and CD28 are structurally homologous molecules that are members of the immunoglobulin (Ig) gene superfamily. Both CD152 and CD28 are composed of a single Ig V-like extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain and an intracellular domain. CD152 and CD28 are both expressed on the cell surface as disulphide-linked homodimers or as monomers. CD152 was originally identified as a gene that was specifically expressed by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. However, CD152 transcripts have since been found in both Th1 and Th2, and CD4+ and CD8+ T cell clones. Whereas, CD28 expression is constitutive on the surfaces of 95% of CD4+ T cells and 50% of CD8+ T cells and is down regulated upon T cell activation, CD152 expression is upregulated rapidly following T cell activation and peaks approximately 24 hours following activation. Although both CD152 and CD28 can bind to the same ligands, CD152 binds to B71 and B72 with 20-100-fold higher affinity than CD28.

UOM: 1 * 500 µG

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Catalog Number: (PRSI90-418)

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

Description: CD152 and CD28, together with their ligands B7-1 and B7-2, constitute one of the dominant costimulatory pathways that regulate T and B cell responses. CD152 and CD28 are structurally homologous molecules that are members of the immunoglobulin (Ig) gene superfamily. Both CD152 and CD28 are composed of a single Ig V-like extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain and an intracellular domain. CD152 and CD28 are both expressed on the cell surface as disulphide-linked homodimers or as monomers. CD152 was originally identified as a gene that was specifically expressed by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. However, CD152 transcripts have since been found in both Th1 and Th2, and CD4+ and CD8+ T cell clones. Whereas, CD28 expression is constitutive on the surfaces of 95% of CD4+ T cells and 50% of CD8+ T cells and is down regulated upon T cell activation, CD152 expression is upregulated rapidly following T cell activation and peaks approximately 24 hours following activation. Although both CD152 and CD28 can bind to the same ligands, CD152 binds to B71 and B72 with 20-100-fold higher affinity than CD28.

UOM: 1 * 100 µG

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Catalog Number: (PRSI34-168)

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

Description: Thyroglobulin is a 660 kDa dimeric pre-protein with mutiple glycosylation sites. It is produced by and processed within the thyroid gland to produce the hormone thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Prior to forming dimers, thyroglobulin monomers undergo conformational maturation in the endoplasmic reticulation. The vast majority of follicular carcinomas of the thyroid will give positive immunoreactivity for anti-thyroglobulin even though sometimes only focally. Poorly differentiated carcinomas of the thyroid are frequently anti-thyroglobulin negative. Adenocarcinomas of other-than-thyroid origin do not react with this antibody. This antibody is useful in identification of thyroid carcinoma of the papillary and follicular types. Presence of thyroglobulin in metastatic lesions establishes the thyroid origin of tumor. Anti-thyroglobulin, combined with anti-calcitonin, can identify medullary carcinomas of the thyroid. Furthermore, anti-thyroglobulin, combined with anti-TTF1, can be a reliable marker to differentiate between primary thyroid and lung neoplasms.

UOM: 1 * 100 µG

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Catalog Number: (PRSI90-413)

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

Description: CD152 (CTLA-4) and CD28, together with their ligands B7-1 and B7-2, constitute one of the dominant costimulatory pathways that regulate T and B cell responses. CD152 and CD28 are structurally
homologous molecules that are members of the immunoglobulin (Ig) gene superfamily. Both CD152 and CD28 are composed of a single Ig V-like extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain and an
intracellular domain. CD152 and CD28 are both expressed on the cell surface as disulfide-linked homodimers or as monomers. CD152 was originally identified as a gene that was specifically expressed by
cytotoxic T lymphocytes. However, CD152 transcripts have since been found in both Th1 and Th2, and CD4+ and CD8+ T cell clones. Whereas, CD28 expression is constitutive on the surfaces of 95% of CD4+
T cells and 50% of CD8+ T cells and is down regulated upon T cell activation, CD152 expression is upregulated rapidly following T cell activation and peaks approximately 24 hours following activation.
Although both CD152 and CD28 can bind to the same ligands, CD152 binds to B71 and B72 with 20-100-fold higher affinity than CD28.

UOM: 1 * 100 µG

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Catalog Number: (PRSI90-393)

Supplier: ProSci Inc.

Description: CD28 and CTLA-4 together with their ligands, CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2), constitute one of the dominant costimulatory pathways that regulate T and B cell responses. CD28 and CTLA-4 are structurally homologous molecules that are members of the immunoglobulin (Ig) gene superfamily. Both CD28 and CTLA-4 are composed of a single Ig V-like extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain and an intracellular domain. CD28 and CTLA-4 are both expressed on the cell surface as disulfide-linked homodimers or as monomers. The genes encoding these two molecules are closely linked on human chromosome 2 and mouse chromosome 1. Mouse CD28 is expressed constitutively on virtually 100% of mouse T cells and on developing thymocytes. Cell surface expression of mouse CD28 is downregulated upon ligation of CD28 in the presence of PMA or PHA. In contrast, CTLA-4 is not expressed constitutively but is upregulated rapidly following T cell activation and CD28 ligation. Cell surface expression of mouse CTLA-4 peaks approx.y 48 hours after activation. Although both CTLA-4 and CD28 can bind to the same ligands, CTLA-4 binds to B7-1 and B7-2 with a 20-100 fold higher affinity than CD28. CD28/B7 interaction has been shown to prevent apoptosis of activated T cells via the upregulation of bcl-XL. CD28 ligation has also been shown to regulate Th1/Th2 differentiation.

UOM: 1 * 200 µG

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